What is considered a defensive action during hazardous material incidents?

A defensive action during hazardous material incidents is intended to protect life, property, and the environment from the impacts of hazardous substances. Diking refers to creating a barrier or containment area around a hazardous material spill to prevent it from spreading and to contain it for mitigation efforts. This practice is critical in managing spills effectively, ensuring that the hazardous material does not migrate to uncontaminated areas, thereby minimizing environmental and health risks.

Other options, while important in the context of hazardous material incidents, do not fit the definition of a defensive action as clearly. Evacuation prioritizes the safety of individuals in the affected area; however, it does not actively control or contain the hazardous material itself. Monitoring involves measuring and observing the conditions of the hazardous material and its effects, but it does not mitigate the situation directly. Scrubbing refers to the removal or neutralization of contaminants, which is more aligned with decontamination rather than initially controlling a hazardous situation.